overview
utilities
transport
finance
media/IT
chemicals
metals
food
auto/aero
property
infrastructure
retail
collapses
related
Profiles
& Notes:
telecoms
bubble
Aust & NZ
telecoms
telco
privatisations
telco
mergers &
acquisitions
IPOs
collectibles
prices
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collapses
The evaporation of value through corporate and personal
collapses provides other benchmarks for the dotcom and
telecommunication bubbles.
corporate landmarks
2005
- US
utility Calpine goes into Chapter 11 with US$17bn debt
2003
- Parmalat
food group (Italy) - debts of US$17bn
- Resona
banking group (Japan) receives US$16bn bailout
2002
- WorldCom
(US) - debts of US$29bn
- construction
group Philipp Holzmann (Germany) files for bankruptcy
with debts of €1.6bn
- Adelphia
cable group (US) - debts of US$24bn
- Global
Crossing (US) - goes into chapter 11 with debts of US$12bn
-
ntl goes into Chapter 11 with £6.6bn debt
- Kirch
media group (Germany) goes into receivership with debt
of around US$5.5bn
- Conseco
(US) insurance and finance - goes into chapter 11 with
debts of US$6.5bn
2001
- Enron
group (US) - debts of $15bn
- Ansett
(Australia) - debts of $2bn
- HIH
insurance group (Australia) - debts of $5.3bn
- One.Tel
telecommunications group (Australia) - debts of $600m
- Reliance
group (US)
- Supermarket
operator Mycal (Japan) seeks protection with US$11.7bn
liabilities
2000
- Akai
group (Hong Kong) - debts of US$2bn
- LTCM
(US) - US$3.75bn rescue
1999
-
bankruptcy of Guangdong International Trust & Investment
Corporation (China) - US$3bn losses
- collapse
of Daewoo Group (South Korea) amid claims that creative
accounting inflated value of the conglomerate by US$30bn
- Baptist
Foundation of America (US) - debts of US$590m
1997
- Halla
group (South Korea) - debts of US$5.3bn
-
Yamaichi Securities (Japan) - debts of US$23.8bn
- Hokkaido
Takushoku Bank (Japan)
1995
- Barings
bank (UK) - US$1.3bn deficiency
1993
-
£9bn collapse of Credit Lyonnais bank (France)
- Metallgesellschaft
(Germany) bailed out by banks after US$2.7bn losses
in futures trading by subsidiary
1991
- Maxwell
media group (UK) collapses with debts of £2bn
- $3.15bn
rescue of the State Bank of Victoria (Australia) by
Commonwealth Bank
- State
Bank of South Australia - $2.18bn loss
-
Bank of Credit & Commerce International (UK) - US$13bn
- Adsteam
group (Australia) - $4.9bn loss
1989
- Bond
group (Australia) goes into receivership with debts
of US$10bn
- Drexel
Burnham Lambert Group (US)
1987
- LTV
(US) goes into chapter 11 protection for US$4bn
- Texaco
(US)
1983
1979
- Associated
Securities (Australia)
1975
- Gollin
group (Australia) crashes with $125m deficiency
1974
- Bankhaus
Herstatt (Germany) - US$800m deficiency
- Cambridge
Credit (Australia) - $199 deficiency
1970
- Penn
Central (US) bankruptcy
1965
- HG
Palmer (Australia) - £10m
1964
- Reid
Murray Group (Australia) - debts of $25.8m
1963
Reid
Murray group (Australia) - £23.7m deficiency
1961
- Korman/Stanhill
group (Australia) - £24m
1932
- collapse
of Ivar Kreuger's International Match group (Sweden)
results in losses of over US$250m
1931
- Därmstadter
und Nationalbank Kommandit-Gesellschaft [Danat] (Germany)
collapses
- Creditanstalt
collapses
1929
- Austin
Friars Trust group (UK) - £21m deficit
- Creditanstalt
(Austria) forced to rescue the Vienna Bodenkreditanstalt
1901
- Whitaker
Wright insurance and mining group (UK) - £7.5m
deficit
1890
- Barings
bank crisis (UK) - £7m deficit
1888
- Compagnie
Universelle du Canal Interocéanique de Panama
(France) collapses after spending US$287m - assets and
rights acquired by US in 1902 for US$40m
1878
- City
of Glasgow Bank (UK) - £6.2m deficit
1866
- failure
of Overend, Gurney bank (UK) - £11m deficit
private landmarks
-
Alan Bond
declared bankrupt in 1992 with debts of over $500m
-
Kevin Maxwell
goes bankrupt in 1991 with debts of £400m
- Christopher
Skase bankrupt in 1991 with debts of $172m
- Nelson
Bunker Hunt files for personal bankruptcy in 1988 with
debts of US$1.2bn
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